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Middle East
Saudi Arabia
Meningococcal vaccination is required for Hajj and Umrah pilgrims. Extreme heat year-round.
Routine vaccines
- MMR
- Tdap
- Polio
- Influenza
- COVID-19
Recommended vaccines
- Meningococcal ACWY (required for pilgrims)
- Hepatitis A & B
- Typhoid
- Polio (required from some countries)
Disease risks & prevention
MERS-CoV
Avoid camel contact, raw camel milk and undercooked camel meat.
Heat stroke
Hydrate constantly; avoid outdoor exertion midday.
Crowd-related illness (Hajj)
Masks, hand hygiene, and vaccination compliance.
Water
Tap water is desalinated and generally safe; bottled preferred.
Food
High standards in cities.
Insects
Minimal; dengue risk in Jeddah and Makkah regions — use repellent.
General information only, pending clinical review. Not a substitute for professional medical advice — consult a travel medicine specialist before your trip.
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